According to the EU directive, cookies that require informed consent from the user are analytics cookies and advertising and affiliate cookies. Technical cookies and those necessary for the operation of the website or the provision of services expressly requested by the user are exempt.

Necessary Cookies

Necessary cookies are strictly essential for the proper functioning of this website. This category only includes cookies that ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website. These cookies do not store any personally identifiable information.

You can view the full list of necessary cookies in our Cookies Policy, available in the footer of the homepage of this website.

• cookielawinfo-checkbox-necessary → This cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. It stores the user’s consent for cookies in the “Necessary” category.
• cookielawinfo-checkbox-functional → This cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. It stores the user’s consent for cookies in the “Functional” category.
• cookielawinfo-checkbox-performance → This cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. It stores the user’s consent for cookies in the “Performance” category.
• cookielawinfo-checkbox-analytics → This cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. It stores the user’s consent for cookies in the “Analytics” category.
• cookielawinfo-checkbox-advertisement → This cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. It stores the user’s consent for cookies in the “Advertising” category.
• cookielawinfo-checkbox-others → This cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. It stores the user’s consent for cookies in the “Other” category.
• __cfduid → Used by content delivery networks such as Cloudflare to identify individual clients behind a shared IP address and apply security settings. It does not store personally identifiable information.
• __hssrc → Set by HubSpot. According to its documentation, when HubSpot changes the session cookie, this cookie is created to determine whether the user has restarted their browser. If this cookie does not exist when HubSpot reads cookies, the session is considered new.

Functional Cookies

Functional cookies help the website provide enhanced functionality and personalization, such as sharing content on social media platforms, collecting user feedback, and enabling other features.

• lidc → Set by LinkedIn and used for routing.
• bcookie → Set by LinkedIn. It enables LinkedIn features within this website.
• lang → Used by LinkedIn to store the user’s language preference to serve content in that language on future visits.
• __hssc → Set by HubSpot. It tracks sessions to determine whether HubSpot should increment the session number in the __hstc cookie. It contains the domain, session count, and session start time.

Performance Cookies

Performance cookies are used to understand and analyse key performance indicators of the website, helping improve user experience.

• YSC → Set by YouTube to track views of embedded videos on this website.

Analytics Cookies

Analytics cookies are used to understand how users interact with the website content. These cookies provide aggregated information such as visitor numbers, bounce rate, traffic sources, and more.

• _ga → Set by Google Analytics to collect anonymous user data and interactions with the website in order to generate aggregated statistical reports. Each user is assigned a unique identifier.
• _gid → Set by Google Analytics. It stores information about how users interact with the website and helps generate analytical reports on performance and traffic sources. Data is collected anonymously.
• _gat → Set by Google Universal Analytics to throttle request rates and limit data collection on high-traffic websites.
• AnalyticsSyncHistory → Used by LinkedIn to store information about when the lms_analytics cookie is synced for users in designated countries.
• _hjFirstSeen → Set by Hotjar to identify whether a user is a first-time visitor.
• _hjAbsoluteSessionInProgress → Set by Hotjar to detect a user’s first session on the website.
• _hjIncludedInPageviewSample → Used by Hotjar to determine whether the user is included in the data sample.
• _hjid → Set by Hotjar on first visit. It assigns a unique user identifier that persists across visits.
• __hstc → Set by HubSpot to track visitors. It stores the first visit, last visit, current visit, and visit count.
• hubspotutk → Used by HubSpot to track visitor identity across form submissions and deduplicate contacts.

Advertising Cookies

Advertising cookies are used to deliver relevant ads and marketing campaigns. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide personalised advertising. Acceptance does not increase the number of ads shown but ensures ads are more relevant.

• IDE → Used by Google DoubleClick to track user interaction with ads and provide personalised advertising based on user behaviour.
• test_cookie → Set by Google DoubleClick to determine whether the user’s browser supports cookies.
• fr → Set by Facebook to deliver relevant ads and measure ad performance.
• _fbp → Set by Facebook to deliver personalised advertising on Facebook and Audience Network.
• UserMatchHistory → Set by LinkedIn to track users across websites for targeted advertising.
• bscookie → Tracks browser identifier for LinkedIn sharing functionality.
• VISITOR_INFO1_LIVE → Set by YouTube to track video interactions on embedded content.

Other Cookies

Cookies that are still being analyzed and have not yet been classified into a category.

• CONSENT → Set by YouTube; Google does not currently provide full information about this cookie.